Koumiss promotes <i>Mycobacterium</i> bovis infection by disturbing intestinal flora and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress

Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis and also responsible for serious threat to public health. Koumiss a fermented mare's milk product, used as traditional drink. Here, we explored effect koumiss on gut microbiota host immune response against M infection. Therefore, mice were treated with fresh mare 14 days before infection continue 5 weeks after The results showed clear change in intestinal flora koumiss, lungs severe edema, inflammatory infiltration, pulmonary nodules bovis-infected mice. Notably, found that content short-chain fatty acids was significantly lower koumiss-treated group compared control group. However, expression endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis-related proteins decreased. Collectively, these findings suggest treatment disturb of, which associated disease severity possible mechanism induces pathology. Our current can be exploited further establish “gut-lung” axis might novel strategy tuberculosis.